The Underarm Bowling Incident
Australia vs New Zealand
1 February 1981
Greg Chappell instructed his brother Trevor to bowl the last ball underarm along the ground to prevent New Zealand from hitting a six to tie the match.
The T20 World Cup 2024 — hosted across the USA and Caribbean — was marked by umpiring controversies involving wide calls and no-ball decisions that drew criticism from multiple teams, amplified by the tournament's use of new venues in the United States where umpiring quality was questioned.
The 2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup introduced a bold innovation: matches played at two venues in the United States — New York and Dallas — before the tournament moved to the Caribbean. The US venues, including the Nassau County International Cricket Stadium, had been specially constructed for the tournament.
The umpiring controversies that emerged had two distinct sources: first, the unprecedented challenge of officiating T20 cricket on drop-in pitches at newly built stadiums with limited experience; second, the broader challenges of T20 wide calls and no-ball height decisions that generate controversy at every major T20 tournament.
In the USA-hosted matches, including India's group fixture against Pakistan at Nassau County — one of the most watched T20 matches in history — the pitch produced unusual bounce that complicated both batting and umpiring. Several wide calls were disputed; no-ball height decisions for deliveries that climbed steeply off the surface were argued. The Pakistan-India contest, resolved by India, nonetheless produced multiple social media controversies about specific wide decisions.
In the Caribbean leg, the traditional T20 umpiring challenges — the leg-side wide, the back-foot no-ball, the height no-ball — featured prominently in multiple knockout-stage matches. The India-South Africa final itself had a disputed wide call in the final over that was discussed extensively post-match.
The tournament as a whole raised questions about whether the expansion of cricket to new markets required a parallel expansion and upgrading of the umpiring pool, particularly for high-stakes knockout matches.
India vs Pakistan at Nassau County — disputed wide calls on unusual pitch
Multiple super-over and knockout-stage wide controversies in Caribbean
T20 WC final: disputed wide call in last over India vs South Africa
Commentary teams highlight umpiring inconsistency across the tournament
ICC commits to reviewing T20 umpiring standards post-tournament
“T20 umpiring is the hardest job in cricket. The pace of the game, the pressure, the fine margins — and the social media world watching every decision in slow motion. We need to invest more in umpire development for this format.”
The 2024 T20 WC umpiring controversies strengthened the argument for DRS implementation across all T20 international formats. The ICC subsequently announced expanded DRS provisions for future T20 World Cups, including for wide and no-ball decisions.
Umpiring decisions stood as given in all disputed cases — DRS was available and used in the T20 WC for the first time in some matches. No umpires were stood down. The ICC committed to reviewing its T20 umpire development program.
Australia vs New Zealand
1 February 1981
Greg Chappell instructed his brother Trevor to bowl the last ball underarm along the ground to prevent New Zealand from hitting a six to tie the match.
Australia vs India
7 February 1981
Sunil Gavaskar was given out LBW to Dennis Lillee off a ball that clearly hit his bat first. He was so furious he tried to take his batting partner Chetan Chauhan off the field with him.
Australia vs India
2-6 January 2008
One of the most controversial Tests ever — terrible umpiring decisions, racial abuse allegations, and India threatening to abandon the tour.