The Underarm Bowling Incident
Australia vs New Zealand
1 February 1981
Greg Chappell instructed his brother Trevor to bowl the last ball underarm along the ground to prevent New Zealand from hitting a six to tie the match.
Inzamam-ul-Haq was given out 'handled the ball' in a Test match after instinctively swatting the ball away from his stumps, one of cricket's rarest dismissals.
Pakistan's 2006 tour of England was one of the most turbulent in cricket history. The series was already overshadowed by the Oval Test forfeiture controversy — the first in Test history — when Pakistan refused to return to the field after umpire Darrell Hair penalised them for alleged ball tampering. That incident alone made the entire summer one of the most controversial cricket had seen in years.
Inzamam-ul-Haq was at the heart of both controversies. As Pakistan captain, he led his team off the field at The Oval and subsequently faced a disciplinary hearing over ball tampering and bringing the game into disrepute. The charges were eventually dropped or reduced, but Inzamam's standing as a cricketer was under significant scrutiny.
The ODI series that followed the Test series provided another flashpoint. Inzamam was not merely a bystander in controversy — he was the subject of one of cricket's rarest dismissals, one that seemed almost designed to pile further indignity on an already trying tour.
The incident occurred during Pakistan's innings in the 4th ODI against England. Inzamam was batting when he played a defensive shot and the ball began rolling back towards his stumps. Simultaneously, a fielder threw the ball from the field attempting a run-out at the striker's end.
Inzamam's instinctive reaction was to deflect the return throw with his bat — an action so natural and instinctive that he may not have consciously registered it as a violation. He was not attempting to obstruct the fielding side in any premeditated way. But under the Laws of Cricket, obstruction does not require intent — the act itself constitutes the offence.
The England fielders appealed. The umpire consulted with his colleague and, after deliberation, raised the finger. The announcement over the public address system — "obstructing the field" — was genuinely rare enough that many in the crowd were unclear what had happened. Inzamam walked off clearly frustrated.
During the third Test between England and Pakistan in 2006, Inzamam-ul-Haq was dismissed in one of cricket's most unusual ways — "handled the ball." After playing a defensive shot, the ball rolled back towards his stumps.
Instinctively, Inzamam reached down and knocked the ball away from the stumps with his hand. The English players appealed, and the umpire had no choice but to give him out under Law 33 (now part of Law 37 — obstructing the field).
Inzamam was clearly acting on instinct rather than trying to gain an unfair advantage, but the Laws were clear. It was one of only a handful of "handled the ball" dismissals in Test history.
The incident highlighted one of cricket's more obscure laws and the difficulty umpires face when a dismissal is technically correct but feels harsh. The "handled the ball" mode of dismissal was later merged into "obstructing the field" in the 2017 revision of the Laws.
Inzamam plays a defensive shot and the ball rolls back towards the stumps
England fielder throws at the stumps attempting a run-out
Inzamam deflects the throw with his bat, preventing the ball from hitting the stumps
England players appeal for obstructing the field
Umpires consult and raise the finger — Inzamam given out for one of cricket's rarest dismissals
The dismissal adds to Pakistan's troubled 2006 summer following the Oval forfeiture controversy
2006 August
Oval Test forfeiture — Pakistan penalised for ball tampering; Inzamam faces ICC hearing
2006 September
4th ODI, England vs Pakistan begins
Pakistan innings
Inzamam plays defensive shot; ball rolls towards stumps as fielder throws
Mid-innings
Inzamam deflects return throw — England appeal for obstructing the field
Mid-innings
Umpires confer and give Inzamam out — one of the rarest dismissals in international cricket
Post-series
Inzamam's appeal upheld partially; 2006 tour cements its place as Pakistan's most turbulent away summer
“I did not mean to do that. It was just an instinct. I didn't think I was doing anything wrong.”
“The Laws are very clear. Whether it's deliberate or not, if you obstruct the fielding side, you are out. The umpires had no choice.”
“This summer has been extraordinary for Pakistan cricket — and not in a good way. Inzamam is at the centre of everything.”
“These laws exist for a reason, but they can produce outcomes that feel deeply unjust. Nobody watching that believed Inzamam was trying to cheat.”
Inzamam's dismissal added another layer to what was already an extraordinary summer for Pakistani cricket. The Oval forfeit had dominated headlines globally, and now the captain had been dismissed in one of cricket's rarest ways. Pakistan's players and management were already under significant scrutiny from the cricket world and their own board.
Inzamam appealed the decision but it was upheld. He maintained that it was an instinctive action and not deliberate obstruction. Cricket historians noted that "obstructing the field" dismissals were so rare in international cricket that the incident immediately entered the statistical records as one of only a handful ever.
The ICC had also just completed its disciplinary proceedings related to the Oval incident. Inzamam's season thus became defined by controversy at multiple levels — a remarkable and unhappy series of events for a batsman widely regarded as one of Pakistan's greatest ever.
Correctly given out under the Laws, though widely seen as harsh. The mode of dismissal was later merged into 'obstructing the field.'
The 2006 England tour became the reference point for Pakistan cricket's capacity for turbulence in a single series. The Oval forfeiture and the obstructing-the-field dismissal — both involving Inzamam — are forever linked in cricket's records as extraordinary coincidences.
The Laws were subsequently refined in the 2017 Code of Laws revision, which merged "handled the ball" and "obstructing the field" into a single category. This made it slightly more straightforward for umpires to apply, but the rarity of the dismissal mode remains. Inzamam's dismissal is cited in cricket coaching and Laws education as the textbook example of how even an innocent defensive instinct can constitute a legal offence.
Australia vs New Zealand
1 February 1981
Greg Chappell instructed his brother Trevor to bowl the last ball underarm along the ground to prevent New Zealand from hitting a six to tie the match.
Australia vs India
7 February 1981
Sunil Gavaskar was given out LBW to Dennis Lillee off a ball that clearly hit his bat first. He was so furious he tried to take his batting partner Chetan Chauhan off the field with him.
Australia vs India
2-6 January 2008
One of the most controversial Tests ever — terrible umpiring decisions, racial abuse allegations, and India threatening to abandon the tour.