Hansie Cronje Match Fixing Scandal
South Africa vs Various
7 April 2000
South African captain Hansie Cronje was found guilty of match fixing after Delhi Police intercepted phone calls between Cronje and an Indian bookmaker, Sanjay Chawla.
Former Pakistan opener Nasir Jamshed was found to be a key orchestrator in the PSL 2017 spot-fixing scandal and was sentenced to 17 months in prison by a UK court.
Nasir Jamshed was once a genuine prospect for Pakistan cricket — an attacking left-handed opener who played 2 Tests, 48 ODIs, and 18 T20Is. His most famous contribution was a key role in Pakistan's 2009 T20 World Cup-winning campaign. But his career faded through the early 2010s and by 2016–17 he was on the fringes, playing in T20 leagues rather than international cricket.
His involvement in the PSL 2017 spot-fixing scandal began not as a passive participant but as an active recruiter. Using his status as a former Pakistan international — a man with credibility and connections in the dressing room — he acted as a middleman between bookmakers and active players. He approached Sharjeel Khan and Khalid Latif, among others, and introduced them to the fixing network.
This made Jamshed's case qualitatively different from most fixing scandals. He was not a desperate player being exploited by a bookmaker; he was himself a vector of corruption, using trust and reputation to corrupt others.
The PSL 2017 season was only two years old when the fixing scandal broke. Pakistan had invested enormous institutional and reputational capital in the league. The PSL was a statement that Pakistan could run a credible, world-class T20 competition despite being banned from hosting international cricket on home soil. A corruption scandal at its heart was devastating.
The National Crime Agency in the UK became involved because Jamshed's activities — his communications with bookmakers, the financial transactions, the conspiracy — had a significant UK dimension. He was based in England during this period. The NCA opened a criminal investigation alongside the PCB's disciplinary process.
The PCB moved first, issuing Jamshed with a 10-year ban in August 2018 after finding him guilty of multiple charges under the Anti-Corruption Code. The NCA investigation resulted in criminal charges in the UK: conspiracy to commit bribery. In February 2020, Jamshed appeared before a UK court, pleaded guilty, and was sentenced to 17 months in prison.
Nasir Jamshed, once a promising Pakistan opener who played 2 Tests, 48 ODIs, and 18 T20Is, was revealed to be not just a participant but a key orchestrator of match fixing in the PSL and international cricket. His involvement went far beyond what was initially suspected when the PSL 2017 spot-fixing scandal broke.
The National Crime Agency (NCA) in the UK investigated Jamshed's role and found that he had acted as a middleman between bookmakers and players, recruiting cricketers into fixing arrangements. He was charged in the UK with conspiracy to commit bribery. In February 2020, Jamshed was sentenced to 17 months in a UK prison after pleading guilty.
The PCB had already given Jamshed a 10-year ban from cricket in August 2018 for his role in the PSL fixing scandal. The evidence showed he had been central to the corruption network that had targeted Sharjeel Khan and Khalid Latif among others. He had used his status as a former international cricketer to gain the trust of active players before introducing them to bookmakers.
Jamshed's case was significant because it showed how retired or fringe cricketers could become fixers themselves, using their connections in the playing community. His prison sentence in the UK was also important as it demonstrated that fixing could be prosecuted as a criminal offense in any jurisdiction where the conspiracy was organized.
PSL 2017: Nasir Jamshed acts as a middleman between bookmakers and PSL players including Sharjeel Khan and Khalid Latif
February 2017: PSL spot-fixing scandal breaks; Sharjeel Khan and Khalid Latif suspended during the tournament
2017–2018: PCB and ICC ACU investigate; Jamshed identified as a key orchestrator of the corruption network
August 2018: PCB issues Jamshed with a 10-year ban from all cricket
2018–2019: UK's National Crime Agency investigates Jamshed's role; criminal charges filed
February 2020: Jamshed pleads guilty to conspiracy to commit bribery; sentenced to 17 months in UK prison
PSL 2017 (February)
Jamshed acts as middleman between bookmakers and PSL players; approaches Sharjeel Khan and Khalid Latif
February 2017
Spot-fixing scandal breaks during PSL; Sharjeel and Latif suspended; investigation begins
2017–2018
PCB and ICC ACU investigation identifies Jamshed as the orchestrating link in the corruption network
August 2018
PCB issues Jamshed with a 10-year ban from all forms of cricket
2018–2019
UK's National Crime Agency files criminal charges of conspiracy to commit bribery
February 2020
Jamshed pleads guilty; sentenced to 17 months in a UK prison
“Jamshed abused the trust placed in him by fellow cricketers. He used his reputation as a former international to corrupt others. This cannot be tolerated.”
“I know what I did was wrong. I deeply regret the impact it has had on the players I approached and on Pakistan cricket.”
“The prison sentence sends a message: fixing is not just a cricketing offence, it is a crime. We will pursue it through the courts wherever we can.”
“The PSL was Pakistan's pride. What Jamshed did in 2017 was a betrayal of everything the league represented.”
Jamshed's prison sentence in the UK was a landmark in cricket's anti-corruption history. It demonstrated that fixing could be prosecuted as a criminal offence in Western jurisdictions where the conspiracy was organised, even when the matches themselves were played in a different country. The 17-month sentence was the most serious criminal sanction any cricketer had received in the UK at that point.
The PCB's 10-year ban was equally significant. Jamshed, who was only in his early thirties when the ban was issued, would not be able to return to playing cricket until his mid-forties. For a man whose identity was built around the game, this was a comprehensive sanction.
Banned for 10 years by PCB. Sentenced to 17 months in a UK prison for conspiracy to commit bribery.
The Jamshed case exposed a particular vulnerability in cricket's structure: retired or semi-retired players with active networks in dressing rooms could serve as corruption vectors without themselves needing to be on the field. The bookmakers who used Jamshed understood that his credibility as a former international would open doors that direct approaches from unknown fixers would not.
It also showed how fixing networks operated across multiple competitions simultaneously. Jamshed was involved in both PSL and BPL fixing, demonstrating that the networks were professional, organised, and not confined to a single tournament. The ICC's response — coordinated investigations across multiple jurisdictions — matched the transnational nature of the problem.
South Africa vs Various
7 April 2000
South African captain Hansie Cronje was found guilty of match fixing after Delhi Police intercepted phone calls between Cronje and an Indian bookmaker, Sanjay Chawla.
South Africa vs England
18 January 2000
Hansie Cronje engineered a contrived result at Centurion after rain had washed out most of the Test, later revealed to have been done at the behest of a bookmaker in exchange for a leather jacket and cash.
India vs Various
5 December 2000
Former Indian captain Mohammad Azharuddin was banned for life by the BCCI after the CBI found evidence of his involvement in match fixing, based on revelations from the Hansie Cronje investigation.