The Underarm Bowling Incident
Australia vs New Zealand
1 February 1981
Greg Chappell instructed his brother Trevor to bowl the last ball underarm along the ground to prevent New Zealand from hitting a six to tie the match.
Michael Slater claimed a low catch to dismiss Sachin Tendulkar, but replays suggested the ball had bounced before reaching his hands. The on-field decision was out.
The 1998 India–Australia Test series was played at a time when cricket had no Decision Review System and no third-umpire referrals for catch decisions. Umpires on the field made every call with finality, and the only avenue of protest was through post-match diplomacy and media.
Australia arrived in India as the world's dominant Test side, and the series carried significant prestige. Mark Taylor, the Australian captain, was widely respected for his sportsmanship and leadership — qualities that made any controversy involving the Australian camp all the more striking.
Sachin Tendulkar was at the peak of his powers, having just come off one of his greatest series in Australia. At Chepauk, his wicket was the most prized possession for the touring side, and every delivery aimed at him was met with enormous anticipation from the packed stands.
India won the toss and elected to bat on a slow Chennai pitch. Tendulkar walked in to the usual roar from the Chepauk crowd and quickly settled into his characteristic rhythm, pushing into the gaps and punishing anything short.
Michael Slater was positioned at slip, an area of the field where low catches present the most difficult judgments. Australia were searching for a breakthrough and the atmosphere was tense as Tendulkar moved into the thirties.
The key delivery came mid-morning: the ball cut off the seam and flew at catchable height to Slater at first slip. Slater dived forward and appealed immediately. The on-field umpire raised his finger without hesitation.
During the first Test between India and Australia at Chennai in 1998, Michael Slater claimed a low catch at slip to dismiss Sachin Tendulkar. The on-field umpire gave Tendulkar out, but replays appeared to show the ball bouncing before it reached Slater's hands.
Tendulkar walked off reluctantly, and the Indian team was frustrated. In the pre-DRS era, there was no mechanism to challenge the decision. The controversy was compounded by the fact that Tendulkar had been batting well and looked set for a big score.
The incident highlighted the difficulty of judging low catches in real time — a problem that would persist even into the DRS era with the soft signal controversy. Slip catches taken close to the ground are among the hardest decisions in cricket for both on-field and TV umpires.
Slater maintained he took the catch cleanly. But the inconclusive replays fueled the debate about whether fielders should be given the benefit of the doubt in catch decisions.
Tendulkar edges an away-swinger low to first slip where Slater dives forward
Slater leaps up appealing strongly while the ball sits in his cupped hands
On-field umpire raises his finger — no referral process available in 1998
Replays from multiple angles cast doubt on whether the ball carried to the fielder
Tendulkar walks off reluctantly after a brief, frustrated pause at the crease
Indian dressing room protests vigorously but the decision is irreversible
Day 1, Session 1
India win toss and elect to bat at Chepauk
Day 1, 11:20 am
Tendulkar edges to Slater at first slip; umpire gives out
Day 1, 11:22 am
Television replays aired — inconclusive on carry
Day 1, Post-play
BCCI lodge formal complaint with match referee
Series end
Australia win series 2-1; Chennai decision remains disputed
Post-2009
DRS introduced; low catches can now be referred to TV umpire
“I caught it cleanly. My hands were under the ball the whole time. I had no doubts.”
“The replays showed what the replays showed. We can only say what we saw.”
“Until we have a system where catches like that can be referred to a third umpire, these arguments will never be settled on the day.”
“It was a very difficult decision for the umpire. At that height and speed, in real time, it is almost impossible to be certain.”
The decision triggered a wave of reaction from Indian supporters and officials who felt the replays were conclusive enough to render Slater's catch doubtful. The Board of Control for Cricket in India sent a formal note of objection to the match referee, which was acknowledged but did not alter the result.
Slater's subsequent animated send-off of Tendulkar later in the series — during a different dismissal — compounded the ill-feeling and made headlines globally. Taylor reportedly spoke to Slater about his on-field behaviour, further underlining that the Australian captain took sporting conduct seriously.
The series itself went to Australia 2-1. The Chennai incident remained a touchstone example whenever Indian commentators called for the introduction of a catch-referral system, a technology that the ICC eventually adopted as part of the Decision Review System more than a decade later.
Given out. No review available. The catch remains disputed among Indian cricket fans.
The Slater catch controversy became one of the canonical examples used to argue for the introduction of DRS in Test cricket. Whenever the question of whether technology should be allowed to review caught-behind and low-slip decisions arose, commentators returned to Chennai 1998 as proof that umpires, through no fault of their own, simply could not make correct calls in real time.
Today the soft-signal rule — which itself generates controversy — is a direct descendant of the debate sparked by moments like this one. The incident also cemented a perception among Indian fans that touring sides sometimes benefited from optimistic appeals, a perception that took years of improved officiating standards and technology to begin eroding.
Australia vs New Zealand
1 February 1981
Greg Chappell instructed his brother Trevor to bowl the last ball underarm along the ground to prevent New Zealand from hitting a six to tie the match.
Australia vs India
7 February 1981
Sunil Gavaskar was given out LBW to Dennis Lillee off a ball that clearly hit his bat first. He was so furious he tried to take his batting partner Chetan Chauhan off the field with him.
Australia vs India
2-6 January 2008
One of the most controversial Tests ever — terrible umpiring decisions, racial abuse allegations, and India threatening to abandon the tour.