The Underarm Bowling Incident
Australia vs New Zealand
1 February 1981
Greg Chappell instructed his brother Trevor to bowl the last ball underarm along the ground to prevent New Zealand from hitting a six to tie the match.
Inzamam-ul-Haq was given not out LBW during the 2006 India-Pakistan series when replays showed all three stumps were being hit. He went on to score a vital innings that helped Pakistan win the Test.
The 2006 India tour of Pakistan was the first bilateral cricket series between the two nations in nearly three years, following a politically enforced hiatus. When India and Pakistan play cricket, the stakes transcend sport — the historic rivalry, the partition narrative, the hundreds of millions watching on both sides of the border make every match feel like something more than a game.
Inzamam-ul-Haq was one of the greatest Pakistani batsmen of his era and the team's captain. A right-handed batsman of extraordinary technique and temperament, he was at his peak in the mid-2000s — a calm, heavy-scoring presence around whom Pakistan's batting revolved. India's bowling attack, featuring Zaheer Khan, Irfan Pathan, and Harbhajan Singh, was capable of dismissing any batsman.
The 2006 series came after India's 2004 tour of Pakistan — a historic series that had thawed relations between the two countries. The return series was equally anticipated, with cricket viewed as a bridge between the two nations.
The 3rd Test at the Gaddafi Stadium in Lahore was the series decider. The first two Tests had split 1-1, making Lahore — Pakistan's cricket heartland — the venue that would determine the series winner. Pakistan had home advantage and the passionate Lahore crowd behind them.
India's bowlers came out aggressively, knowing that dismissing Inzamam early was critical to restricting Pakistan's total. Zaheer Khan was dangerous in his opening spells, finding movement off the Lahore pitch.
Inzamam was hit on the pad in the early stages of his innings — around the 15-run mark. The Indian players erupted in appeal, convinced the ball was hitting the stumps. Umpire Steve Bucknor — one of the senior umpires of the era — gave it not out. Replays shown on television appeared to show all three stumps being struck.
The LBW appeal against Inzamam-ul-Haq came during Pakistan's first innings at the Gaddafi Stadium. An Indian bowler — the delivery was part of the seam attack — struck Inzamam on the front pad with a ball that television replays suggested was hitting at least middle and leg stump.
The on-field umpire gave it not out. India had no DRS mechanism to challenge. Pakistani television commentators argued the ball may have been going over the stumps; Indian commentators were adamant it was plumb. The absence of neutral ball-tracking technology meant the decision stood and both sides were left to argue from their perspective.
Inzamam, unfazed, went on to bat in the manner that had made him one of cricket's most valuable players. He built his innings methodically, converting his start into a significant score that gave Pakistan a platform to set a competitive total or fight from.
Pakistan won the Lahore Test, winning the series 2-1. Inzamam's contribution was a key part of Pakistan's victory. The LBW reprieve became a talking point in India, where cricket fans and analysts felt the decision had directly influenced the series outcome.
This was the era before DRS was widely available. Home umpires were still common in some series, and the perception of bias — real or imagined — was heightened in India-Pakistan matches where every decision was analysed through a partisan lens.
India's bowler strikes Inzamam on pad — erupts in appeal; umpire gives not out
Television replays appear to show ball tracking onto all three stumps
No DRS available — India have no mechanism to challenge the decision
Inzamam settles in and converts his reprieve into a significant innings
Pakistan win the Lahore Test to take the series 2-1
Umpiring decision becomes a focal point of post-series analysis in India
Series context
Series level at 1-1 going into the Lahore decider
Pakistan first innings
Inzamam struck on pad early — umpire gives not out; replays suggest stumps were being hit
Inzamam builds
Pakistan captain converts reprieve into a significant innings
Pakistan total
Pakistan post a competitive total — India face a demanding chase
India's innings
India are restricted and cannot overhaul Pakistan's total
Series result
Pakistan win the Test and the series 2-1 at the Gaddafi Stadium
“We have been appealing all day and getting nothing. That decision changed the match.”
“These things happen in cricket. You play the game, you accept decisions, and you move on.”
“In India-Pakistan matches, every single decision gets magnified. But we just have to deal with what's given.”
“Without DRS we are always going to have these arguments. The technology exists. Use it.”
India's cricket board and media dissected the series after the defeat, with the Lahore LBW decision among the decisions highlighted as potentially series-altering. The BCCI was notoriously resistant to DRS adoption at this time, which created a paradox — India were suffering from bad decisions in Pakistan but their board was blocking the technology that might have helped.
Inzamam remained characteristically philosophical in post-match interviews. The Pakistani captain was gracious in victory, praising India's competitive spirit and noting the series as one of the most memorable of his career. He made no specific reference to the LBW incident.
The series was widely celebrated as a sporting success — cricket as diplomacy — and the political significance somewhat overshadowed the specific umpiring controversies within it.
Umpiring decision that appeared incorrect based on broadcast replays. Without DRS, India had no recourse. The missed LBW contributed to Pakistan winning the series decider. The incident highlighted the ongoing cost of the absence of technological referral systems.
The 2006 India-Pakistan series is remembered fondly as a moment when cricket bridged two nations. The umpiring controversies within it — including Inzamam's LBW reprieve — are secondary to the larger story of the series.
However, the decision added to India's growing frustration with the status quo of umpiring and fuelled internal discussion within the BCCI about whether DRS adoption might be beneficial. The BCCI's eventual stance remained opposed to DRS for many more years, a position that invited considerable criticism.
Australia vs New Zealand
1 February 1981
Greg Chappell instructed his brother Trevor to bowl the last ball underarm along the ground to prevent New Zealand from hitting a six to tie the match.
Australia vs India
7 February 1981
Sunil Gavaskar was given out LBW to Dennis Lillee off a ball that clearly hit his bat first. He was so furious he tried to take his batting partner Chetan Chauhan off the field with him.
Australia vs India
2-6 January 2008
One of the most controversial Tests ever — terrible umpiring decisions, racial abuse allegations, and India threatening to abandon the tour.