The Underarm Bowling Incident
Australia vs New Zealand
1 February 1981
Greg Chappell instructed his brother Trevor to bowl the last ball underarm along the ground to prevent New Zealand from hitting a six to tie the match.
Angelo Mathews became the first batsman in international cricket history to be timed out after his helmet strap broke while walking to the crease.
The 2023 Cricket World Cup in India was the 13th edition of the tournament. The group stage match between Bangladesh and Sri Lanka was important for both teams' qualifying hopes, adding competitive intensity to what might otherwise have been a routine encounter.
Angelo Mathews was one of Sri Lanka's most experienced cricketers, a former captain who had represented his country for over 14 years. A genuine all-rounder capable of batting anywhere in the order and bowling useful medium pace, Mathews was a key figure in Sri Lanka's batting lineup. His dismissal without facing a ball robbed Sri Lanka of one of their most experienced players at a crucial stage of the innings.
Shakib Al Hasan, Bangladesh's captain and talisman, was himself one of cricket's great all-rounders. Known for his competitive edge and occasionally controversial temperament, Shakib was a player who played to win and was willing to push boundaries — both on and off the field. His decision to appeal for timed out was entirely in character.
Sri Lanka were in a precarious position in the match when the wicket fell that brought Mathews to the crease. They needed their experienced players to steady the innings and build a competitive total. Mathews, batting at a crucial position, was expected to anchor the innings.
As Mathews walked out, he appeared in no particular rush but was well within the two-minute window. The crowd at the Arun Jaitley Stadium was engaged, anticipating a contest between Mathews and the Bangladeshi bowlers. Nobody — not the commentators, not the crowd, not even the Bangladeshi players — anticipated what was about to unfold. When Mathews reached the crease and began fiddling with his helmet, the initial assumption was that there would be a brief delay while he sorted out his equipment. The idea that this delay could lead to a dismissal was so far-fetched that it did not occur to anyone until Shakib raised his finger to appeal.
On November 6, 2023, during the ICC Cricket World Cup group stage match between Bangladesh and Sri Lanka at the Arun Jaitley Stadium in Delhi, cricket witnessed something that had never happened before in 146 years of international cricket: a batsman was given out "timed out." The player who entered the history books for this unwanted distinction was Angelo Mathews, Sri Lanka's experienced all-rounder and former captain.
The circumstances were as unusual as the outcome. Sri Lanka were batting, and when a wicket fell, Mathews walked out to the middle within the two-minute window stipulated by the playing conditions. He arrived at the crease, took guard, and appeared ready to face. But then he noticed a problem — the chinstrap on his helmet was broken. The strap had snapped, rendering the helmet non-compliant with safety standards and essentially unwearable.
Mathews signalled to the dressing room for a replacement helmet. He stood at the crease fiddling with the broken strap, trying to fix it while waiting for a new helmet to be brought out. The seconds ticked by. Bangladesh captain Shakib Al Hasan, watching from the field, consulted briefly with his teammates. Then, to the astonishment of the crowd and the commentary team, Shakib appealed for timed out.
The umpires conferred. Under the ICC's playing conditions for the 2023 World Cup, a new batsman must be "ready to receive a delivery or for the other batsman to be ready to receive the next ball" within two minutes of the fall of the previous wicket. While Mathews had physically arrived at the crease within the time limit, the umpires determined that he was not "ready to receive" because he did not have a compliant helmet. The appeal was upheld. Angelo Mathews was out — timed out — without facing a single ball.
The Arun Jaitley Stadium erupted in confusion and anger. Sri Lankan fans in the crowd booed loudly. Mathews himself was incandescent with rage. He pointed repeatedly at his broken helmet, arguing that the equipment malfunction was entirely beyond his control. He stood at the crease for over a minute, gesturing at the umpires and at Shakib, before finally walking off. His face was a picture of fury, disbelief, and injustice.
The incident immediately became the most discussed moment of the 2023 World Cup. Commentary teams around the world scrambled to find the relevant playing conditions while debating whether Shakib's appeal was sporting. The consensus was divided but passionate. Those defending Shakib argued that the rules were clear, that Mathews should have ensured his equipment was ready before walking out, and that the time limit exists for good reason. Those criticizing the appeal argued that Shakib had exploited a technicality to remove a dangerous batsman — Mathews had physically arrived at the crease and was dealing with a genuine safety issue.
The drama did not end there. When Sri Lanka batted in a subsequent match, Mathews was not going to let the incident pass without a response. When he reached his crease, he made a show of checking his helmet, adjusting his gloves, and looking at an imaginary watch on his wrist — a pointed, sarcastic gesture aimed at Shakib and Bangladesh. The crowd loved it, and the image of Mathews tapping his wrist went viral on social media.
Shakib Al Hasan defended his decision unapologetically. He stated that the rules were clear, that he had the right to appeal, and that he would do the same thing again. He pointed out that in professional sport, time limits exist for a reason and that players are responsible for their own equipment. His stance was logical but earned him widespread criticism from those who felt the spirit of cricket demanded more generosity.
Angelo Mathews walks to the crease within the two-minute time limit
Mathews discovers his helmet chinstrap is broken and signals for a replacement
Bangladesh captain Shakib Al Hasan appeals for timed out
The umpires confer and uphold the appeal — Mathews is out timed out
Mathews argues furiously, pointing at his broken helmet before finally walking off
In a subsequent match, Mathews sarcastically taps his wrist at the crease in a gesture aimed at Shakib
“My chinstrap was broken. It was not my fault. How can you time someone out for an equipment malfunction?”
“The rules are the rules. He wasn't ready in time. I have no regrets about the appeal.”
“I've been watching cricket for 40 years and I've never seen anything like this. It's unprecedented.”
“The playing conditions are clear, but this is a situation nobody anticipated. There should be an exemption for equipment malfunctions.”
The timed out dismissal dominated social media and cricket news for days. Memes featuring Mathews' wrist-tapping gesture flooded Twitter and Instagram. The incident became a cultural moment beyond cricket, with mainstream media outlets covering the story.
The ICC confirmed that the decision was correct under the playing conditions and declined to review the rule. However, the incident raised legitimate questions about whether the regulations should include provisions for genuine equipment malfunctions beyond the player's control. A broken chinstrap is a safety issue — the batsman cannot face fast bowling without a properly secured helmet — and penalizing a player for a manufacturing defect seemed harsh to many observers.
The relationship between the Sri Lankan and Bangladeshi cricket teams, never particularly warm, was further strained by the incident. Mathews' sarcastic wrist-tapping gesture ensured that the rivalry would carry an edge for years to come. Bangladesh players dismissed the criticism, maintaining that they had played within the rules.
The decision was technically correct under the ICC's playing conditions — a new batsman must be ready to receive within two minutes, and Mathews was not deemed ready due to his broken helmet. However, the incident exposed a gap in the regulations regarding equipment malfunctions and sparked intense debate about whether the spirit of cricket should override the letter of the law in such circumstances.
The Angelo Mathews timed out dismissal is a unique entry in cricket's record books — the first and, as of now, only instance of a timed out dismissal in international cricket. It demonstrated that even in the modern era, cricket can produce moments that are genuinely unprecedented.
The incident has become a reference point in discussions about the gap between the Laws of Cricket and the spirit of the game. Like the underarm bowling incident, the Bairstow stumping, and the Mankad debate, it exposed the tension between strict legal interpretation and the informal codes of conduct that cricketers are expected to follow.
The timed out dismissal also raised practical questions about equipment responsibility in professional cricket. Should players be held responsible for equipment failures during a match? Should the playing conditions include exemptions for safety-related equipment malfunctions? These questions remain unresolved, and the next equipment-related timed out appeal — if it ever comes — will reignite the same debate.
Australia vs New Zealand
1 February 1981
Greg Chappell instructed his brother Trevor to bowl the last ball underarm along the ground to prevent New Zealand from hitting a six to tie the match.
Australia vs India
7 February 1981
Sunil Gavaskar was given out LBW to Dennis Lillee off a ball that clearly hit his bat first. He was so furious he tried to take his batting partner Chetan Chauhan off the field with him.
Australia vs India
2-6 January 2008
One of the most controversial Tests ever — terrible umpiring decisions, racial abuse allegations, and India threatening to abandon the tour.